Our general chemistry content covers material that is often found in AP, IB, A-level, and college-level general chemistry courses.
- scientific notation and significant figures
scientific notation format, converting to/from scientific notation, identifying significant figures, rules for significant figures - limiting reagents
limiting reagents with percent yield, ideal gas law, determining significant figures, solutions - naming ionic and covalent compounds and acids
monoatomic ions, polyatomic ions, transition metal salts, binary acids, oxyacids, simple covalent compounds - history of the atom
Democritus and John Dalton, subatomic particles, Planck and Bohr model, Schrodinger equation - protons, neutrons, and electrons
counting protons, neutrons, and electrons, quantum numbers, orbital energy diagrams, electronic configuration - Lewis structures and bonding
Lewis structures, octet rule, ionic bonds, covalent bonds - Lewis structures, VSEPR, and dipoles
Lewis structures, octet rule and exceptions, VSEPR model, dipole moment, polarity - intermolecular forces
London dispersion, dipole-dipole, hydrogen bonding, ion-dipole - periodic table trends
group and block names, atomic radius, ionization energy, electron affinity, electronegativity - stoichiometry
balancing equations, mole-to-mole stoichiometry, significant figures, percent yield, density - moles
definition of a mole, Avogadro’s number, molar mass, unit conversions - acids and bases
defining acids and bases, understanding the pH and pOH scale, calculating pH and pOH of strong acids/bases, calculating pH of weak acids/bases, conjugate pairs, autoionization of water, pH of polyprotic acids, buffers, acid/base indicators, titration of a strong acid with a strong base, titration of a weak acid with a strong base - kinetics
rate laws, relative rates, method of initial rates, first order, second order, and zero order reactions, half life for first, second, and zero order reactions, derivation of a rate law, steady state approximation - enthalpy
energy diagrams, endothermic and exothermic reactions, calculating enthalpy, phase changes, calorimetry, heating curves, enthalpy of solution - equilibrium
writing the equilibrium constant, calculating the equilibrium constant, heterogeneous equilibrium, using the reaction quotient, ICE tables, Le Chatelier’s principle, solubility equilibria, the common ion effect - thermodynamics and electrochemistry
entropy, Gibb’s free energy, galvanic cells, electrolytic cells, calculating E°cell, electroplating